{"id":6167,"date":"2023-04-04T16:57:25","date_gmt":"2023-04-04T14:57:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/institutfrancais.ro\/cluj-napoca\/?p=6167"},"modified":"2023-04-05T08:25:57","modified_gmt":"2023-04-05T06:25:57","slug":"pensees-litteraires-jean-marie-domenach","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/institutfrancais.ro\/cluj-napoca\/pensees-litteraires-jean-marie-domenach\/","title":{"rendered":"Pens\u00e9es litt\u00e9raires \u2013 Jean-Marie Domenach"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><em>Le retour du tragique, <\/em>Jean-Marie Domenach<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>(Paris, Gallimard, 1955, 454 pagini)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen eseurile sale, totodat\u0103 literare \u0219i filosofice, Domenach plaseaz\u0103 tragedia pe culmile genului dramatic. Cum Aristotel \u00eensu\u0219i a zis, aceasta purific\u0103 fiin\u021ba \u00eentr-un proces de <em>catharsis,<\/em> unde condi\u021bia uman\u0103 este dezv\u0103luit\u0103 \u00een \u00eentreaga sa z\u0103d\u0103rnicie. Astfel, omul tragic \u00ee\u0219i dep\u0103\u0219e\u0219te destinul printr-un apetit de a desfide limita. Este un fel de eroism tacit care subzist\u0103 \u00een aceste suflete, manifestat cu ocazia dureroas\u0103 a catastrofei. Vina lui Oedip nu este alegerea con\u0219tient\u0103 a r\u0103ului, ci c\u0103utarea culpabilit\u0103\u021bii. Gre\u0219eala, remarc\u0103 Domenach, evadeaz\u0103 din mine \u0219i deodat\u0103 m\u0103 \u00eenchide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tragicul nu are o claritate logic\u0103, destinul \u0219i libertatea se confund\u0103, pentru c\u0103 fatalitatea const\u0103 \u00een atotputernicia incon\u0219tientului. Pasiunea mea sunt eu \u0219i este mai puternic\u0103 dec\u00e2t mine, spune Fedra, a c\u0103rei disperare aminte\u0219te de originea fatalismului. Con\u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 \u00een spatele con\u0219tiin\u021bei. Incon\u0219tientul preced\u0103 fiin\u021ba uman\u0103 \u0219i o domin\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n<p>Totu\u0219i, perspectiva tragicului se suspend\u0103 \u00een antinomie \u2013 pe de-o parte, se g\u0103se\u0219te atmosfera grea \u0219i sufocant\u0103 a fatalit\u0103\u021bii care presupune vina mo\u0219tenit\u0103 \u0219i condamnarea imediat\u0103 (cazul lui Oedip); pe de alt\u0103 parte, efort al libert\u0103\u021bii unde eroismul se ridic\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la sacrificiu (cazul Antigonei). P\u0103catul activ este o virtute; dar virtutea presupune martirul. Cum \u00eensu\u0219i Dumnezeu \u00cel pune la \u00eendoial\u0103 pe Dumnezeu \u00een interoga\u021bia Sa stranie: <em>Dumnezeul meu, Dumnezeul meu, pentru ce m-ai p\u0103r\u0103sit?,<\/em> fiin\u021ba tragic\u0103 se \u00eendoie\u0219te de m\u00e2ntuire. Suferin\u021ba \u00eel face demn de ceruri. Dac\u0103 tragicul de alt\u0103dat\u0103 rezid\u0103 \u00een <em>hybris<\/em> \u0219i <em>catharsis,<\/em> re\u00eentoarcerea lui \u00een societatea contemporan\u0103 devine caricatural\u0103. Virtu\u021bile, pasiunea descind \u00een grotesc, iar Domenach le urm\u0103re\u0219te decaden\u021ba. Nu mai sunt zei, dar nu mai este nici caracter. O g\u0103l\u0103gie universal\u0103 \u0219i absurdul ne alieneaz\u0103; cuvintele ne lipsesc. Este, mai exact, o <em>anti-tragedie<\/em> a c\u0103rei sev\u0103 provine din e\u0219ecul a tot ce \u00eennobila tragedia clasic\u0103: pasiune, transcenden\u021b\u0103 \u0219i afirmare a eului. \u00cen cele din urm\u0103, strig\u0103tul modern \u00eempotriva divinit\u0103\u021bii este orb. Nu exist\u0103 receptor.<\/p>\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Miruna Moldoveanu<\/h5>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00cen eseurile sale, totodat\u0103 literare \u0219i filosofice, Domenach plaseaz\u0103 tragedia pe culmile genului dramatic.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":6165,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[139],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6167","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pensees-litteraires-mediateca-fr"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/institutfrancais.ro\/cluj-napoca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6167","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/institutfrancais.ro\/cluj-napoca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/institutfrancais.ro\/cluj-napoca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/institutfrancais.ro\/cluj-napoca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/institutfrancais.ro\/cluj-napoca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6167"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/institutfrancais.ro\/cluj-napoca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6167\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6173,"href":"https:\/\/institutfrancais.ro\/cluj-napoca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6167\/revisions\/6173"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/institutfrancais.ro\/cluj-napoca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6165"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/institutfrancais.ro\/cluj-napoca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6167"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/institutfrancais.ro\/cluj-napoca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6167"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/institutfrancais.ro\/cluj-napoca\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6167"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}